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- At Higher Risk
- • Cancer of the anal canal is more common in women.
- • Cancer of the anal margin (the skin encircling the anus) is more common in men.
- • Associated with a history of chronic anal irritation—genital warts (condyloma), abscesses, fistulas, fissures ,
- scars and infections such as chlamydia, trichomonas, genital herpes and gonorrhea.
- • Associated with venereal warts and the presence of some types of human papilloma virus , especially types 16
- and 18.
- • Increased incidence in cigarette smokers.
- • Increased risk in homosexuals, probably related to anal intercourse and sexually transmitted infections.
- • Increased risk in severe immunodepression, including AIDS.